Wireless Sensor Network or WSN is a spatially distributed network of sensor nodes to track environmental and physical conditions like temperature, pressure, humidity etc. This data is transferred to a central location through the network. The main components of this network are:
Transducer – To generate electrical signals.
Microprocessor – To process and store collected data.
Transceiver – To transmit and receive signals.
Battery – To provide power to the sensor nodes
This network can have a star topology, tree topology or mesh topology based on the requirement.
Characteristics of Wireless Sensor Networks
WSN has the following main characteristics
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Constraints on nodes regarding power consumption following the concept of energy harvesting.
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Adaptability to node failures.
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Design of the network is cross-layer.
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Highly scalable network.
- Easy deployment.
Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks
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Traffic Monitoring.
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Video Surveillance.
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Rapid Emergency Response.
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Health Tracking.
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Industrial Monitoring.
- Dynamic Routing Management.